Antioxidant Activity Comparison of Jamu Cekok and Its Individual Herbal Components Using the DPPH Method
Abstract
Jamu cekok is a traditional Indonesian herbal drink commonly consumed by children to increase appetite. It is made from a combination of several plants, including Curcuma zanthorrhiza (C. zanthorrhiza), Curcuma longa (C. longa), Zingiber officinale (Z. officinalle), and Kaemferia galanga (K. galanga). The combination of these plants potentially enhanced the antioxidant effects due to the synergism or antagonism interaction among the constituent herbs. This research aimed to determine the antioxidant activity of jamu cekok and compare it with the antioxidant activity of its individual herbal components. Methods were started with the extraction of jamu cekok using ethanol as the solvent, prepared from a 1:1:1:1 ratio of C. zanthorrhiza, C. longa, Z. officinale, and K. galanga extract. The resulting extracts were tested using a 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging assay and phytochemical screening. Analysis revealed that jamu cekok extract contains alkaloids, flavonoids, and saponins. Turmeric, ginger, and galangal exhibited strong antioxidant activity with IC50 values of 96.158 ppm, 87.040 ppm, and 83.855 ppm, respectively. Curcuma showed moderate antioxidant activity with an IC50 value of 112.227 ppm. Jamu cekok exhibits very strong antioxidant activity (IC50 = 46.904 ppm), surpassing the activity of its individual herbal components. The synergistic interaction among bioactive compounds, particularly alkaloids, flavonoids, and saponins, is presumed to contribute to the enhanced antioxidant potential of jamu cekok. These results support its role as a natural antioxidant source and provide a scientific basis for its traditional use in health promotion.
Keywords
Full Text:
PDFReferences
Abubakar, A. R., & Haque, M. (2020). Preparation of Medicinal Plants: Basic Extraction and Fractionation Procedures for Experimental Purposes. Journal of Pharmacy and Bioallied Sciences, 12(1), 1–10. doi: 10.4103/jpbs.JPBS_175_19
Adiyasa, M. R., & Meiyanti, M. (2021). Pemanfaatan obat tradisional di Indonesia: distribusi dan faktor demografis yang berpengaruh. Jurnal Biomedika Dan Kesehatan, 4(3), 130–138. doi: 10.18051/JBiomedKes.2021.v4.130-138
Agustina, W., & Handayani, D. (2017). Skrining Fitokimia dan Aktivitas Antioksidan Beberapa Fraksi dari Kulit Batang Jarak (Ricinus communis L.). ALOTROP, 2017(2), 117–122.
Amin, A., Wunas, J., & Anin, Y. M. (2016). Uji Aktivitas Antioksidan Ekstrak Etanol Faloak (Sterculia quadrifida R.Br) dengan Metode DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl). Jurnal Fitofarmaka Indonesia, 2(2), 111–114. doi: 10.33096/jffi.v2i2.180
Bagus Wicaksono, I., Ulfah, M., Farmasi, F., & Wahid Hasyim Jl Menoreh Tengah, U. X. (2017). Uji Aktivitas Antioksidan Kombinasi Ekstrak Etanol Daun Sirsak (Annona muricata L.) dan Daun Jambu Biji (Psidium guajava L.) dengan Metode DPPH (2,2-difenil-1-pikrilhidrazil). 2(1), 44–48.
Dewi Kurnia, Maelani, M., & Roni, A. (2025). Antioxidant Activity of a Combination of Pegagan (Centella asiatica) and Temulawak (Curcuma xanthorrhiza) Rhizomes Using the DPPH Method. Indonesian Journal of Herbal Science and Innovation, 1(1), 1–12. doi: 10.64673/ijherbsi.v1i1.3
Fitriansyah, S. N., Riasari, H., Melati, N., & Simanjuntak, N. (2024). AKTIVITAS ANTIOKSIDAN DAN KADAR TOTAL FENOL DARI EKSTRAK JAMU BERAS KENCUR DENGAN PENAMBAHAN RIMPANG KUNYIT. Pharma Xplore : Jurnal Sains Dan Ilmu Farmasi, 9(1), 14–22. doi: 10.36805/jpx.v9i1.6483
Gulcin, ?., & Alwasel, S. H. (2023). DPPH Radical Scavenging Assay. Processes, 11(8), 2248. doi: 10.3390/pr11082248
Hanani MS, E. (2015). Analisis Fitokimia. Jakarta: Penerbit Buku Kedokteran EGC.
Harbone, J. B. (1998). Phytochemical methods : A guide to modern techniques of plant analysis (3rd ed.). CHAPMAN & HALL.
Kartika, L., Ardana, M., & Rusli, R. (2020). Aktivitas Antioksidan Tanaman Artocarpus. Proceeding of Mulawarman Pharmaceuticals Conferences, 12, 237–244. doi: 10.25026/mpc.v12i1.432
Khairunnisa, S., Hakim, A. R., & Audina, M. (2022). Perbandingan Kadar Flavonoid Total Berdasarkan Perbedaan Konsentrasi Pelarut Etanol Dari Ekstrak Daun Pegagan (Centella asiatica [L] Urban). Journal Pharmaceutical Care and Sciences, 3(1), 121–131. doi: 10.33859/jpcs.v3i1.236
Korua, S. A. (2020). Kadar Air Dan Lama Ekstraksi Oleoresin Jahe Zingiber Officinale Rosc. Biofarmasetikal Tropis, 3(1), 175–180. doi: 10.55724/j.biofar.trop.v3i1.275
Manalu, L. P., Tambunan, A. H., Nelwan, L. O., Bahan, P., & Nanokomposit, P. (2012). PENENTUAN KONDISI PROSES PENGERINGAN TEMU LAWAK UNTUK MENGHASILKAN SIMPLISIA STANDAR THE DETERMINATION FOR CONDITION OF DRYING PROCESS ON CURCUMA XANTHORRHIZA ROXB TO PRODUCE STANDARD SIMPLISIA.
Marianne, M., Patilaya, P., & Barus, B. T. (2018). Uji Aktivitas Antioksidan Kombinasi Ekstrak Etanol Rimpang Temu Giring (Curcuma Heyneana) dan Daun Pugun Tanoh (Curanga Fel-Terrae) Menggunakan Metode Diphenyl Picrylhydrazil(DPPH). Talenta Conference Series: Tropical Medicine (TM), 1(2), 398–404. doi: 10.32734/tm.v1i2.223
Marni, M., & Ambarwati, R. (2015). Khasiat Jamu Cekok terhadap Peningkatan Berat Badan pada Anak. Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat, 11(1), 102. doi: 10.15294/kemas.v11i1.3522
Muiz, H. A., Wulandari, S., & Primadiamanti, A. (2022). Uji Aktivitas Antibakteri Ekstrak Daun Patikan Kebo (Euphorbia hirta L) terhadap Staphylococcus aureus dengan Metode Difusi Cakram. Jurnal Analis Farmasi, 6(2), 84–89. doi: 10.33024/jaf.v6i2.5942
Naviglio, D., Trifuoggi, M., Varchetta, F., Nebbioso, V., Perrone, A., Avolio, L., De Martino, E., Montesano, D., & Gallo, M. (2023). Efficiency of Recovery of the Bioactive Principles of Plants by Comparison between Solid–Liquid Extraction in Mixture and Single-Vegetable Matrices via Maceration and RSLDE. Plants, 12(16), 2900. doi: 10.3390/plants12162900
Nurfieni, A., Kebidanan, A., & Salatiga, A.-R. (2017). PENGARUH JAMU CEKOK TERHADAP PENINGKATAN BERAT BADAN BALITA USIA 12-36 BULAN DI DESA KEDAWUNG KECAMATAN KEDAWUNG KABUPATEN SRAGEN.
Pusmarani, J., Juliansyah Putri, R., Dewi, C., Nasir, N. H., Himaniarwati, H., Dahlan, Y. F., & Nurmiati, N. (2024). Antioxidant and Antibacterial Activity of Banana Peel (Musa paradisiaca var. sapientum) Methanol Extracts Purification. Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology, 2359–2364. doi: 10.52711/0974-360X.2024.00369
Sayuti, M. (2017). Pengaruh Perbedaan Metode Ekstraksi, Bagian Dan Jenis Pelarut Terhadap Rendemen Dan Aktifitas Antioksidan Bambu Laut (Isis Hippuris). Technology Science and Engineering Journal, 1(3), 166–174. Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/322592818_Pengaruh_Perbedaan_Metode_Ekstraksi_Bagian_Dan_Jenis_Pelarut_Terhadap_Rendemen_Dan_Aktifitas_Antioksidan_Bambu_Laut_Isis_Hippuris
Setiawan, P. Y. B., Hita, I. P. G. A. P., Ardinata, I. P. R., & Suryaningsih, N. P. A. (2023). Synergistic Effect Of Curcuma xanthorrhiza and Physalis angulata Extracts as Antioxidant Against DPPH Radicals. Journal of Pharmaceutical Science and Application, 5(2), 85. doi: 10.24843/jpsa.2023.v05.i02.p05
Suhartati, T. (2017). Dasar-Dasar Spektrofotometri UV-Vis Dan Spektrofotometri Massa Untuk Penentuan Struktur Senyawa Organik. AURA.
Sunarmi, & Suhendriyo. (2023). Demonstrasi Pembuatan Jamu Cekok dan Makanan Fungsional Berbahan Kelor Untuk Pencegahan Stunting. Community Development Journal: Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat, 4(1), 833–837.
Vaou, N., Stavropoulou, E., Voidarou, C. (Chrysa), Tsakris, Z., Rozos, G., Tsigalou, C., & Bezirtzoglou, E. (2022). Interactions between Medical Plant-Derived Bioactive Compounds: Focus on Antimicrobial Combination Effects. Antibiotics, 11(8), 1014. doi: 10.3390/antibiotics11081014
Vifta, R. L., & Advistasari, Y. D. (2018). Skrining Fitokimia, Karakterisasi, dan Penentuan Kadar Flavonoid Total Ekstrak dan Fraksi-Fraksi Buah Parijoto (Medinilla speciosa B.) Pytochemical Screening, Characterization, and Determination of Total Flavonoids Extracts and Fractions of Parijoto Fruit (Medinilla speciosa B.). Prosiding Seminar Nasional Unimus, 1.
Wartono, Mazmir, & Aryani, F. (2021). Analisis Fitokimia Dan Aktivitas Antioksidan Pada Kulit Buah Jengkol (Pithecellobium Jiringga). Buletin Poltanesa, 22(1). doi: 10.51967/tanesa.v22i1.472
Wijaya, H., Jubaidah, S., & Rukayyah, R. (2022). Perbandingan Metode Esktraksi Terhadap Rendemen Ekstrak Batang Turi (Sesbania Grandiflora L.) Dengan Menggunakan Metode Maserasi Dan Sokhletasi. Indonesian Journal of Pharmacy and Natural Product, 5(1), 1–11. doi: 10.35473/ijpnp.v5i1.1469
Wulan, W., Yudistira, A., & Rotinsulu, H. (2019). Uji Aktivitas Antioksidan dari Ekstral Etanol Daun Mimosa pudica Linn. Menggunakan Metode DPPH. PHARMACON, 8(1), 106. doi: 10.35799/pha.8.2019.29243
Zulaikha, S., Hadi, N., & Gita Purwasih, J. H. (2021). Melemahnya Budaya Jamu Cekok Di Kelurahan Pare. Jurnal Antropologi: Isu-Isu Sosial Budaya, 23(1), 47–57. doi: 10.25077/jantro.v23.n1.p47-57.2021
DOI: https://doi.org/10.14421/biomedich.2026.151.443-449
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
Copyright (c) 2026 Lusi, Puji Astuti, Meri Ropiqa, Virhan Novianry
Biology, Medicine, & Natural Product Chemistry |



