Assessment of Escherichia coli Contamination in Drinking Water from Refill Depots

Lisa Savitri, Muhammad Akbar Nur Kholis, Fendy Prasetyawan, Yuneka Saristiana, Cornelia Amanda, Konradus Klala Mebung

Abstract


Refill Drinking Water Depots (DAMIU) have become a popular source of drinking water in Indonesia due to their affordability and accessibility. However, concerns about hygiene and microbial contamination persist, particularly in areas with limited health oversight. This study aimed to evaluate the microbiological quality of refilled drinking water in Kediri City by detecting the presence of Escherichia coli as an indicator of fecal contamination. A descriptive, cross-sectional design involving 22 depots selected based on hygiene criteria was employed. Microbiological analysis used the Most Probable Number (MPN) method, with confirmatory tests including IMViC and Eosin Methylene Blue (EMB) media. The results showed that 20 of 22 depots met the microbiological safety standard of 0 CFU/100 mL for E. coli as set by the Indonesian Ministry of Health and national standards (SNI 3554:2015). Two samples (5 and 7) tested positive for E. coli, likely due to environmental contamination, inadequate sanitation, and poor water handling practices. The positive samples demonstrated typical E. coli characteristics in IMViC (++-+) and gas formation in BGLB media. This study underscores the importance of routine surveillance, public health regulation enforcement, and improved hygiene practices in refilled water depots. Ensuring the microbiological safety of refilled drinking water is essential to prevent waterborne diseases such as diarrhea. The findings call for enhanced collaboration between local health offices and depot operators to maintain clean and safe drinking water standards across communities.

Keywords


Refill Drinking Water Depot; Escherichia coli; Water Quality; MPN Method; Public Health

Full Text:

PDF

References


Afriyanti, L.N. (2019). Keberadaan Escherichia coli pada Makanan di Kantin Sekolah Dasar. Higeia Journal of Public Health, 3(3), 417–429.

Efendi, R. (2019). Pengaruh Harga dan Preferensi Terhadap Pilihan Konsumen di Depot Air Minum Isi Ulang di Kediri. Jurnal Ekonomi dan Bisnis, 17(3), 182-190.

Eka, I. (2023). Strategi Bisnis untuk Depot Air Minum Isi Ulang dalam Persaingan Pasar. Jurnal Manajemen Bisnis, 8(1), 45–56.

Gede, N., Putra, K., & Widodo, S. (2023). Metode Identifikasi Escherichia coli dengan IMViC dan EMB pada Air Minum Isi Ulang di Wilayah Bali. Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat, 8(2), 117–126. Available at: https://doi.org/10.25232/jkm.v8i2.317.

Hartanto, A., Sasmito, J., & Katmini, Mumalikah. (2022). Kualitas Mikrobiologi Air Minum Hasil Depot Air Minum Isi Ulang di Area PPL Sanitarian UPTD Puskesmas Campurejo Kediri. Jurnal Pendidikan dan Teknologi Indonesia, 2(6), 255–261. Available at: https://doi.org/10.52436/1.jpti.154.

Hidayati, W., Temaja, I.G.R.M., & Fatmawati, N.N.D. (2018). Karakteristik Fenotip Isolat Klinik Escherichia coli O157:H7 pada Media Sorbitol MAC CONKEY AGAR (SMAC). Journal of Agricultural Science and Biotechnology, 7(1), 35–40. Available at: https://ojs.unud.ac.id/index.php/JASB/article/view/41191.

Kiman, N., Riono, S.B., Saifullah, M., Wahana, A.N.P.D.W., & Fitralisma, G. (2019). Pengaruh Kualitas Layanan dan Harga terhadap Kepuasan Konsumen pada Depot Air Minum Isi Ulang UD Enzes Pengabean. Journal of Management (JECMA), 1(1), 92–101.

Mirasa, Y.A., Nurhidayati, S., Wicaksono, R.I., Winarko, W., Juwono, K.F., Zakaria, Z.A., Diyanah, K.C., Pawitra, A.S., & Sahri, M. (2024). Refill Drinking Water Depot Risk Assessment for Chemical Hazard Contaminant in 25 Cities of East Java Province, Indonesia. Jurnal Kesehatan Lingkungan, 16(2), 166–172. Available at: https://doi.org/10.20473/jkl.v16i2.2024.166-172.

Neli Zulfa, N., & Mulyawati, I. (2023). Higiene Sanitasi dan Uji Pemeriksaan Mikrobiologi Depot Air Minum Isi Ulang. HIGEIA (Journal of Public Health Research and Development), 7(1), 44–54. Available at: https://doi.org/10.15294/higeia.v7i1.61441.

Putri, A.M., & Kurnia, P. (2018). Identifikasi Keberadaan Bakteri Coliform dan Total Mikroba dalam Es Dung-Dung di Sekitar Kampus Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta. Media Gizi Indonesia, 13(1), 41–48. Available at: https://doi.org/10.20473/mgi.v13i1.41-48.

Retno, S. (2019). Kualitas Air Depot Air Minum Isi Ulang di Wilayah Ngasem, Kediri. Jurnal Kesehatan Lingkungan, 11(4), 286–292. Available at: https://doi.org/10.20473/jkl.v11i4.2019.286-292.

Winarti, E. (2019). Kontaminasi Bakteri Escherichia coli pada Depot Air Minum Isi Ulang di Palembang. Jurnal Kesehatan dan Lingkungan, 12(1), 51–60.

Zikra, W., Amir, A., & Putra, A.E. (2018). Identifikasi Bakteri Escherichia coli (E.coli) pada Air Minum di Rumah Makan dan Cafe di Kelurahan Jati serta Jati Baru Kota Padang. Jurnal Kesehatan Danalas, 7(2), 212. Available at: https://doi.org/10.25077/jka.v7i2.804.




DOI: https://doi.org/10.14421/biomedich.2025.141.443-446

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Bookmark and Share


Copyright (c) 2025 Lisa Savitri, Muhammad Akbar Nur Kholis, Fendy Prasetyawan, Yuneka Saristiana, Cornelia Amanda, Konradus Klala Mebung



Biology, Medicine, & Natural Product Chemistry
ISSN 2089-6514 (paper) - ISSN 2540-9328 (online)
Published by Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University & Society for Indonesian Biodiversity.

CC BY NC
This work is licensed under a CC BY-NC