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Gomphrena nitida Rothr. (Amaranthaceae): Phytochemical Evaluation and Antioxidant Activities of Roots, Stem, and Leaves
Abstract
Gomphrena nitida Rothr. (Amaranthaceae) is traditionally used to manage oxidative stress-related ailments, infections, and inflammation. This study evaluated the phytochemical composition and antioxidant potential of root, stem, and leaf extracts obtained using hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol. Qualitative and quantitative analyses revealed flavonoids, glycosides, steroids, and terpenoids across all extracts, with methanol and ethyl acetate fractions showing richer profiles. The highest flavonoid (36.89 mg/g quercetin equivalent) and phenolic (18.59 mg/g gallic acid equivalent) contents were found in leaf and root extracts, respectively. Root methanol extract showed the strongest DPPH activity (IC50 = 168.12 µg/mL), comparable to ascorbic acid (IC50 = 136.97 µg/mL), while root hexane extract exhibited the highest FRAP value (582.14 mg AAE/g). The strong antioxidant potential correlates with high phenolic and flavonoid contents, supporting the traditional use of G. nitida and highlighting its promise as a source of natural antioxidants for managing oxidative stress-related conditions.
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.14421/biomedich.2026.152.1873-1882
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