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Effect of Solvents on the Antibacterial Activity of Premna serratifolia L. Leaf Extracts Against Propionibacterium acnes and Staphylococcus aureus
Abstract
Acne vulgaris is a common skin disorder associated with the colonization of Propionibacterium acnes and Staphylococcus aureus, highlighting the need for alternative treatments derived from natural products, such as buas-buas leaves (Premna serratifolia L.). The present study aimed to evaluate and compare the influence of ethanol and honey solvents on the Total Phenolic Content (TPC) and Total Flavonoid Content (TFC), and the antibacterial inhibition zones against P. acnes and S. aureus of buas-buas leaf extracts. Extraction was performed using the Microwave-Assisted Extraction method. TPC and TFC were determined by UV–Vis spectrophotometry, and antibacterial activity was evaluated using the disc diffusion method at concentrations of 25%, 50%, and 100%. The use of ethanol and honey as extraction solvents significantly affected TPC and TFC values, with ethanol producing higher levels than honey. The ethanol extract exhibited weak antibacterial activity against P. acnes, with inhibition zones of 2,62 ± 0,72 mm and 3,77 ± 0,70 mm at concentrations of 50% and 100%, respectively. Against S. aureus, the ethanol extract produced an inhibition zone of 3,60 ± 0,56 mm at a concentration of 100%. In contrast, the honey extract of buas-buas leaves showed no antibacterial activity against either test bacterium at any of the concentrations evaluated.
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.14421/biomedich.2026.152.1967-1972
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